قائمة الحكام المغول

قائمة الدول مرتبة زمنيا ولكنها تتبع تطور السلالات المختلفة.

تاريخ منغوليا

بوابة منغوليا
8 of 15 Khagans of the إمبراطورية المغول.
Mongol Empire and its fragmentation
Imperial Seal of جيوك خان
Imperial Seal of Bogd Khan
لا يزال النص الموجود في هذه الصفحة في مرحلة الترجمة إلى العربية. إذا كنت تعرف اللغة المستعملة، لا تتردد في الترجمة.

خماق المغول (1120–1206)

إمبراطورية المغول (1206–1368)

Great Khans and Yuan dynasty

With the establishment of the مملكة يوان in 1271, the Kublaids became Yuan emperors, who were considered as Khagan for the Mongols and إمبراطور الصين (Chinese emperor) for native Chinese.

B. Sumiyabaatar/ Б.Сумьяабаатар, "Чинcгий алтан ургийн үгийн бичиг ба гэрийн үеийн бичмэл", "Genealogy of Monogols", 720 pp., (ردمك 99929-5-552-X)
  • جنكيز خان (1206–1227)
  • تولي خان (بمسمى ريجنت) (1227–1229)
  • أوقطاي خان (1229–1241)
  • توراكينا خاتون (بمسمى ريجنت) (1243–1246)
  • جيوك خان (1246–1248)
  • أوغل قايميش (بمسمى ريجنت) (1248–1251)
  • مونكو خان (1251–1259)
  • Ariq Böke (1259–1264)
  • قوبلاي خان (1260–1294) - Khagan title: Setsen; Temple name: Shizu (1271–1294) Era name: Zhongtong (中統) (1260–1264); Zhiyuan (至元) (1264–1294)
  • تيمور خان - Khagan title: Öljeitu; Temple name: Chengzong - (1294–1307); Era names: Yuanzhen (元貞) (1295–1297); Dade (大德) (1297–1307)
  • Külüg Khan - Khagan title: Khülük; Temple name: Wuzong - (1308–1311); Era name: Zhida (至大) (1308–1311)
  • Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan - Temple name: Renzong - (1311–1320); Era names: Huangqing (皇慶) (1312–1313); Yanyou (延祐) (1314–1320)
  • Gegeen Khan - Khagan title: Gegeen; Temple name: Yingzong - (1321–1323); Era name: Zhizhi (至治) (1321–1323)
  • Yesün-Temür - Temple name: Taiding Di - (1323–1328); Era names: Taiding (泰定) (1321–1328); Zhihe (致和) 1328
  • Rajbagh Khan - Temple name: Tianshun Di; Era name: Tianshun (天順) (1328)
  • Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür - Khagan title: Jayaaatu; Temple name: Wenzong - (1328–1329 / 1329–1332); Era names: Tianli (天歷) (1328–1330); Zhishun (至順) (1330–1332)
  • Khutughtu Khan Kusala - Khagan title: Khutughtu; Temple name: Mingzong; Era name: Tianli (天歷) (1329)
  • Rinchinbal Khan - Temple name: Ningzong; Era name: Zhishun (至順) (1332)
  • Toghon Temür - Khagan title: Ukhaantu; Temple name: Huizong ; Shundi - (1333–1370); Era names: Zhishun (至順) (1333); Yuantong (元統) (1333–1335); Zhiyuan (至元) (1335–1340); Zhizheng (至正) (1341–1368); Zhiyuan (至元) 1368–1370

القبيلة الذهبية
  • باتو خان (1227–1255)
  • Sartaq (1255–56)
  • Ulaghchi (1257)
  • بركة خان (1257–1266)
  • Mengu-Timur (1266–1282)
  • Tuda Mengu (1282—1287)
  • Talabuga (1287—1291)
  • Toqta (1291—1312)
  • أوزبك خان (1312–1341)
  • Tini Beg (1341–1342)
  • Jani Beg (1342—1357)
  • Berdi Beg (1357—1361)
  • Qulpa (1359–1360)
  • Nawruz Beg (1360–1361)
  • Khidr (1361–1362)
  • Timur Khwaja (1362)
  • Abdallah (1362–1370)، الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي
  • Murad (1362–1367)الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي
  • Aziz (1367–1369)الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي
  • Jani Beg II (1369–1370)الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي
  • Muhammad Bolak (1370–1379)الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي
  • Tulun Beg Khanum (بمسمى ريجنت) (1370–1373)الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي
  • Aig Beg (1373–1376)الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي
  • Arab Shaykh (1376–1379)الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي
  • Kagan Beg (1375–1376)الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي
  • Ilbani (1373–1376)الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي
  • Hajji Cherkes (1375–1376)الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي
  • Urus Khan (1376–1378), Urus was also Khan of the White Horde and uncle of Toqtamish, allowing the Hordes to unite.
  • Freky Aziz Reffelruz (1378–1380)
  • توختاميش (1380–1395)
  • تيمور قتلغ (1396–1401)،الحاكم الفعلي كان إديغو
  • Shadi Beg (1399–1407)،الحاكم الفعلي كان إديغو
  • Pulad (1407–1410)،الحاكم الفعلي كان إديغو
  • Temür (1410–1412)
  • Jalal ad-Din khan (1411–1412)
  • Feicüs al-Doste (1413–1414)
  • Karimberdi
  • Kebeg
  • Jabbar Berdi (1417–1419)
  • أولوغ محمد (1419–1421, 1428–1433)
  • Dawlat Berdi (1419–1421, 1427–1432)
  • Baraq (1422–1427)
  • Seyid Akhmed (1433–1435)
  • Küchük Muhammad (1435–1459)
  • Mahmud (1459–1465)
  • Ahmed (1465–1481)
  • Shayk Ahmad (1481–1498, 1499–1502)
  • Murtada (1498–1499)

Left wing (White Horde)
  • Orda (1226–1251)
  • Qun Quran (1251–c.1280)
  • Köchü (c.1280–1302)
  • Buyan (Bayan) (1302–1309)
  • Sasibuqa (1309–1315)
  • Ilbasan (1315–1320)
  • Mubarak Khwaja (1320–1344)
  • Chimtay (1344–1374)
  • Urus (1374–1376)
  • Toqtaqiya (1376)
  • Timur-Malik (1377)
  • توختاميش (1377–1378)
  • Koiruchik (1378–1399)
  • Baraq (1423–1428)
  • Muhammed (1428–1431)
  • Mustafa (1431–1446)

This Horde was annexed by Abu'l-Khayr Khan of the شيبانيون in 1446.

Right wing (Blue Horde)

Actual rulers of the Golden Horde (Jochid Ulus, Kipchak Khanate) were members of the House of Batu until 1361.

  • باتو خان (1227–1255)
  • Sartaq (1255–56)
  • Ulaghchi (1257)
  • بركة خان (1257–1266)
  • Mengu-Timur (1266–1282)
  • Tuda Mengu (1282—1287)
  • Talabuga (1287—1291)
  • Toqta (1291—1312)
  • أوزبك خان (1312–1341)
  • Tini Beg (1341–1342)
  • Jani Beg (1342—1357)
  • Berdi Beg (1357—1361)
  • Qulpa (1359–1360)
  • Nawruz Beg (1360–1361)
  • Khidr (1361–1362)
  • Timur Khwaja (1362)
  • Abdallah (1362–1370)الحاكم الفعلي كان ماماي

الدولة الإيلخانية

After the murder of Arpa, the regional states established during the disintegration of the Ilkhanate raised their own candidates as claimants.

  • Musa (1336–1337) (puppet of 'Ali Padshah of Baghdad)
  • Muhammad (1336–1338) (جلائريون puppet)
  • ساتي بيك (1338–1339) (شوبانيون puppet)
  • Sulayman (1339–1343) (Chobanid puppet, recognized by the سربداريون 1341–1343)
  • Jahan Temür (1339–1340) (Jalayirid puppet)
  • Anushirwan (1343–1356) (non-dynastic Chobanid puppet)
  • Ghazan II (1356–1357) (known only from coinage)

Claimants from eastern Persia (Khurasan):

  • Togha Temür (c. 1338–1353) (recognized by the آل كرت 1338–1349; by the Jalayirids 1338–1339, 1340–1344; by the Sarbadars 1338–1341, 1344, 1353)
  • Luqman (1353–1388) (son of Togha Temür)

Jalayirid Sultanate (1335–1432)

جاغاطاي

The Chagatai Khanate is split into two parts, western and eastern.

Moghulistan (Eastern Chagatai Khanate)
  • Bayan Qulï 1348–1358
  • Shah Temür 1358
  • تغلق تيمور (in Mogulistan 1348–1363) 1358–1363
  • Ilyas Khodja (in Mogulistan 1363–1368) 1363 d. 1368
  • Adil-Sultan 1363
  • Khabul Shah 1364–1370

From 1370 on, the Chagatai Khans were puppets of Timur.

  • Suurgatmish 1370–1388
  • Sultan Mahmud (Mohammed II) 1388–1402

Al-Adil Kitbugha-Sultan of الدولة المملوكية (1294–1296)

Northern Yuan dynasty (1368–1635)

Khans or Khagans of the Mongolia-based سلالة يوان الشمالية:

  • Toghon Temür (1368–1370)
  • Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara (1370–1378)
  • Uskhal Khan Tögüs Temür (1378–1388)
  • Jorightu Khan Yesüder (1388–1392)?
  • Engke Khan (?–1392)
  • Elbeg Nigülesügchi Khan (1392–1399)
  • Gün Temür Khan (1400–1402)
  • Örüg Temür Khan (Guilichi) - non-chingisid
  • Öljei Temür Khan (Bunyashiri) (1403–1412)
  • Delbeg Khan (Dalbag) (1415)
  • Oyiradai (1415–1425)
  • Adai Khan (1425–1438)
  • Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha (1433–1452)
  • Agbarjin (1453)
  • Esen taishi - the leader of the الأويرات (1453–1454)
  • Markörgis Khan (Ükegtü) (1454–1465)
  • Molon Khan (1465–1466)
  • Manduul Khan (1475–1478)
  • Dayan Khan (Batu Möngke) (1478–1516)
  • Bars Bolud Jinong (deputy)
  • Bodi Alagh Khan (1516–1547)
  • Daraisung Guden Khan (1547–1557)
  • Tümen Jasagtu Khan (1557–1592)
  • Buyan Sechen Khan (1592–1603)
  • Ligdan Khan (1604–1634)
  • Ejei Khan (1634–1635)

Genghisid Setsen Khans of Eastern Mongolia (1627–1922)

Ancestry of Navaanneren (previous Setsen Khans):

  • - Batmunkh Dayan Khaan /1464–1543/, 29th Great Khan and descendant of جنكيز خان (1162–1227) through قوبلاي خان.
  • - Gersenz Jalair Khuntaij /1513–1549/, youngest son of Dayan Khan through Queen Samar Ghailu (also called Jimsgene Khatan).
  • - Amindural /1550/, fourth son of Gersenz, ruled northern Kerulen river area.
  • - Morbuim Taij, son of Amindural.
  • - Khar Zagal /until 1627/, son of Morbuim, ruled until 1627.
  • 1. Sholoi /1627–1652/, son of Morbuim, succeeded his brother Khar Zagal in 1627. First with the title of Setsen Khan.
  • 2. Babu /1652–1683/, fifth son of Sholoi.
  • 3. Norov /1683–1701/, third son of Babu.
  • 4. Ravdan /1688/
  • 5. Omokhei /Sonomdorj/ /1701–1709/, was only 10 years old in 1701, so was brought up under the tutelage of Namjil Erdene Taij, a grandson of Sholoi.
  • 6. Gunchin /1709–1728/, eldest son of Omokhei.
  • 7. Tsevdenbainjuur /1728–1733/, eldest son of Gunchin.
  • 8. Choijav /1733–1735/, grandson of Norov.
  • 9. Damiran/1735–1751/, second son of Gunchin.
  • 10. Manibadar /1751–1767/, eldest son of Damiran.
  • 11. Tsevdenjav /1767–1788/, second son of Damiran.
  • 12. Tseveendorj /1788–1795/, eldest son of Tsevdenjav.
  • 13. Puntsagdorj /1795/, only son of Tseveendorj.
  • 14. Sanzaidorj /1796–1800/, second generation grandson of Choijav.
  • 15. Mahashiri /1800–1807/, paternal uncle of Puntsagdorj.
  • 16. Enkhtor /1807–1816/, son of Mahashiri.
  • 17. Artased/1817–1874/, son of Enkhtor.
  • 18. Tserendorj /1874–1893/, son of Artased.
  • 19. Demchigdorj /1893–1909/, eldest son of Tserendorj.
  • 20. Navaanneren /1910–1922/, eldest son of Tserendondov, who was the son of Orjinjav the son of Artased.

الأويرات

Four Oirat (1399–1634)
  • Ugetchi Khashikha (c. 1399)
  • Batula (Bahamu, Mahamud) (1399–1408)
  • Togoon Tayisi (Toghan) (1408–1438)
  • Esen (1438–1454)
  • Amasanj (1454–1455)
  • Ush-Temür (Ish-Temür) (1455–1469)
  • Khishig urlugh
  • Arkhan chingsang

خانات زونغار
  • Khara Khula (d. 1634)
  • Baatur Khung-Taiji (1634–1653)
  • Sengge (1653–1670)
  • Galdan Boshugtu Khan (1670–1697)
  • Tsewang Arabtan (1694–1727)
  • Galdan Tseren Khan (1727–1745)
  • Tsewang-Dorji-Namjil (1746–1749)
  • Lamdarja (1749–1752)
  • Dawachi (1752–1755)

Khans of Khoshut Khanate
  • Güshi Khan Toro-Baikhu (1642–1655)
  • Dayan Ochir Khan (1655–1669)
  • Gonchug Dalai Khan (1669–1698)
  • Lhazang Chingis Khan (1698–1717)

Torghud khans of Kalmyk Khanate
  • Kho Orluk (d. 1644)
  • Shukhur Daichin (1644–1661)
  • Puntsuk (1661–1669)
  • Ayuka Khan (1669–1724)
  • Tseren Donduk Khan (1724–1735)
  • Donduk Ombo Khan (1735–1741)
  • Donduk Dashi Khan (1741–1761)
  • Ubashi Khan (1762–1771)

Bogd Khaanate
  • Bogd Khan (r. 1911–19, 1921–24) - Era name: Olnoo Örgögdsön[2] (1911–1924); (the 8th Jebtsundamba Khutuktu) - Tibetan Spiritual head of Mongolian's Geluk Sect.

مراجع

استشهادات
  1. Weiers 1986: 505
  2. Alan J.K Sanders, Historical Dictionary of Mongolia: Second Edition, (2003), Scarecrow Press, Inc. p.413. (ردمك 0810866013) نسخة محفوظة 11 مايو 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.

    مصادر
    • Dughlát Muhammad Haidar, Norbert Elias, Edward Denison Ross - The Tarikh-i-rashidi
    • Henry Hoyle Howorth-History of the Mongols
    • Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank -The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907-1368
    • William Bayne Fisher, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart, J. A. Boyle -The Cambridge history of Iran, 5
    • Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov - Kalmykia in Russia's past and present national policies and administrative system

    انظر أيضًا
    • بوابة أعلام
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